Earbits, a free music service where independent musicians and labels can pay to promote their work to fans, is launching its first mobile product today ? an Android app. It's been more than two years since the Y Combinator-backed startup first launched. That seems like a long time for a music service to go without a mobile app.Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Techcrunch/~3/6-B_dovqo9A/
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Look, it's no secret that HTC knows how to put together a nice phone. Despite the quality of its wares though, HTC spent most of 2012 releasing disappointing earnings statements and being outflanked by much larger rivals -- what's a company to do in a situation like that? The answer, according to CEO Peter Chou, was to double down on innovation and design in hopes of creating a device that would truly resonate with consumers that were already up to their necks in Android phones. That device was the HTC One. Even so, plenty of questions remain. Is it really all that it?s cracked up to be? Does the One really have a chance at changing HTC?s fortunes? To answer all of the above: yes. If you're in a rush you can skip to my final thoughts here but make no mistake: the HTC One is the sort of device that deserves to be talked about.Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Techcrunch/~3/w9cWocmabPI/
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Apr. 23, 2013 ? With their whiskers rats can detect the texture of objects in the same way as humans do using their fingertips. A study, in which some scientists of SISSA have taken part, shows that it is possible to understand what specific object has been touched by a rat by observing the activation of brain neurons. A further step towards understanding how the brain, also in humans, represents the outside world.
We know the world through the sensory representations within our brain. Such "reconstruction" is performed through the electrical activation of neural cells, the code that contains the information that is constantly processed by the brain. If we wish to understand what are the rules followed by the representation of the world inside the brain we have to comprehend how electrical activation is linked to the sensory experience. For this reason, a team of researchers including Mathew Diamond, Houman Safaai and Moritz von Heimendahl of the International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA) of Trieste have analyzed the behavior and the activation of neural networks in rats while they were carrying out tactile object recognition tests.
During the experiments researchers observed the performance of rats -- the animals were discriminating one texture from another -- along with the activation of a group of sensory neurons. "For the first time the study has monitored the activity of multiple neurons, while until now, due to technical limitations, researchers had examined only individual neurons," explains Diamond, who heads up the Tactile Perception and Learning Lab at SISSA. "The activity of such groups of neurons is represented in our model as multi-dimensional clouds, comprising as many dimensions as the number of cells under examination (up to ten). We have observed a different cloud for the contact with each different texture."
By analyzing the "clouds," Diamond and his colleagues were able to successfully decode the object contacted by the rodent. "Our method is so accurate that when the rat would mistake one object for another, the decoding would also indicate a different object from the one actually touched. And this happened because the representation made by the brain -- and, as a consequence, our decoding -- appeared like that of a different object. Hence the error."
Diamond's team has no intention of stopping here. "In real life, we generally recognize objects using more senses all together, in an integrated manner. We use touch and sight at the same time, for instance," explains Diamond. "For this reason we are now working on new experiments employing more neurons, with more complicated stimuli, and more senses, to build 'multimodal' representations of objects."
This kind of "mind reading" carried out on rats' brain by Diamond and his colleagues is important to understand how the brain forms a representation of the world. "Each one of us perceives a physical world outside ourselves, yet actually all we have at our disposal to create an experience of the world is the representation that our brain makes of it through the input of sensory organs" says Diamond.
To understand that such a representation is at the very least partial it is enough to think of all the information about the world that escapes us all the time: for instance, we are blind to infrared and ultraviolet rays, we are unable to hear certain sound frequencies or smell some chemical substances or others. Some details pertaining to the physical world are completely invisible or, to put it better, imperceptible (others are interpreted incorrectly, like visual illusions, for example.)
This is a further demonstration that what we perceive is not the physical world in itself, but the neuronal activation the world evokes inside our brain.
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Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/top_science/~3/HfI6cbZivhg/130423090935.htm
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AT&T just posted its earnings for the first quarter of 2013, and the market couldn't help but ding the company, which is now trading down in after hours markets. The business as a whole posted a net income of $3.7 billion, which is slightly up from $3.6 billion one year ago. Meanwhile, company revenues took a slight hit, which sit at $31.4 billion -- down 1.4 percent from the previous year. In terms of the company's wireless business, though, there's plenty of reason for optimism. The company was able to snag an additional 296,000 postpaid subscribers and put a solid 1.2 million people on smartphone plans during the quarter. For those keeping track, smartphone sales now account for 88 percent of AT&T's postpaid handsets. Unsurprisingly, the company is making more money than ever off of its data plans, which account for $5.1 billion of the company's business. As for the wireless segment as a whole, income is up 21 percent and AT&T is pulling in revenues of $16.6 billion with a 28 percent profit margin.
Encouraging signs were also revealed for U-verse, as the company's broadband service netted an additional 731,000 internet subscribers and 232,000 television subscribers during the quarter -- its best performance in two years -- for a grand total of 8.7 million subscribers. Naturally, one segment of Ma Bell's business isn't looking too hot, and that's the traditional wireline business, as revenues have fallen 10 percent from the previous year. Given the size of this segment, and the weakening demand for the service, it's easy to understand why investors might be slightly uneasy, even in light of all the encouraging news.
Filed under: Wireless, HD, Mobile, AT&T
Source: AT&T
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Apr. 23, 2013 ? Ancient DNA recovered from a series of skeletons in central Germany up to 7,500 years old has been used to reconstruct the first detailed genetic history of modern Europe.
The study, published today in Nature Communications, reveals a dramatic series of events including major migrations from both Western Europe and Eurasia, and signs of an unexplained genetic turnover about 4,000 to 5,000 years ago.
The research was performed at the University of Adelaide's Australian Centre for Ancient DNA (ACAD). Researchers used DNA extracted from bone and teeth samples from prehistoric human skeletons to sequence a group of maternal genetic lineages that are now carried by up to 45% of Europeans.
The international team also included the University of Mainz in Germany and the National Geographic Society's Genographic Project.
"This is the first high-resolution genetic record of these lineages through time, and it is fascinating that we can directly observe both human DNA evolving in 'real-time', and the dramatic population changes that have taken place in Europe," says joint lead author Dr Wolfgang Haak of ACAD.
"We can follow over 4,000 years of prehistory, from the earliest farmers through the early Bronze Age to modern times."
"The record of this maternally inherited genetic group, called Haplogroup H, shows that the first farmers in Central Europe resulted from a wholesale cultural and genetic input via migration, beginning in Turkey and the Near East where farming originated and arriving in Germany around 7,500 years ago," says joint lead author Dr Paul Brotherton, formerly at ACAD and now at the University of Huddersfield, UK.
ACAD Director Professor Alan Cooper says: "What is intriguing is that the genetic markers of this first pan-European culture, which was clearly very successful, were then suddenly replaced around 4,500 years ago, and we don't know why. Something major happened, and the hunt is now on to find out what that was."
The team developed new advances in molecular biology to sequence entire mitochondrial genomes from the ancient skeletons. This is the first ancient population study using a large number of mitochondrial genomes.
"We have established that the genetic foundations for modern Europe were only established in the Mid-Neolithic, after this major genetic transition around 4,000 years ago," says Dr Haak. "This genetic diversity was then modified further by a series of incoming and expanding cultures from Iberia and Eastern Europe through the Late Neolithic."
"The expansion of the Bell Beaker culture (named after their pots) appears to have been a key event, emerging in Iberia around 2800 BC and arriving in Germany several centuries later," says Dr Brotherton. "This is a very interesting group as they have been linked to the expansion of Celtic languages along the Atlantic coast and into central Europe."
"These well-dated ancient genetic sequences provide a unique opportunity to investigate the demographic history of Europe," says Professor Cooper.
"We can not only estimate population sizes but also accurately determine the evolutionary rate of the sequences, providing a far more accurate timescale of significant events in recent human evolution."
The team has been working closely on the genetic prehistory of Europeans for the past 7-8 years.
Professor Kurt Alt (University of Mainz) says: "This work shows the power of archaeology and ancient DNA working together to reconstruct human evolutionary history through time. We are currently expanding this approach to other transects across Europe."
Genographic Project director Spencer Wells says: "Studies such as this on ancient remains serve as a valuable adjunct to the work we are doing with modern populations in the Genographic Project. While the DNA of people alive today can reveal the end result of their ancestors' ancient movements, to really understand the dynamics of how modern genetic patterns were created we need to study ancient material as well."
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Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/top_science/~3/w9mrM1bOOEA/130423134037.htm
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The Nintendo 3DS XL improved on the original in a wide variety of ways, including better ergonomics and playability. The chunkier body and bigger screen was key in helping to coax the console out of the shadow of its predecessor, and we were full of praise when we reviewed it. But the experience of living with a device is so different from reviewing it, that we'd like to ask you what, if Nintendo was asking, would you have changed?
Filed under: Gaming
Source: http://feeds.engadget.com/~r/weblogsinc/engadget/~3/THQuYaQ_fwc/
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Atlanta Dept. of Corrections
Mug shots of Reese Witherspoon and James Toth taken after their Atlanta arrest.
By Randee Dawn, TODAY contributor
Oscar-winning actress Reese Witherspoon was arrested and jailed for a short time in Atlanta early Friday morning, according to an incident report originally obtained by Variety.?Her husband, CAA agent James Toth, was also arrested and jailed.
Toth was spotted by an Atlanta police officer while driving in the wrong lane, and now faces one DUI charge, and a second for "failure to maintain lane," according to the report, which was also obtained by TODAY.com. Witherspoon faces a charge of disorderly conduct.?
The pair were pulled over when Toth's failure to maintain his lane was cause for suspicion of driving while intoxicated, and Witherspoon found herself handcuffed after refusing to stay in the car while the officer administered a field sobriety test on her husband.
"Mrs. Witherspoon began to hang out the window (of her car) and say that she did not believe that I was a real police officer," Officer J. Pyland noted in his report. "I told Mrs. Witherspoon to sit on her butt and be quiet."
The back-and-forth between Witherspoon and Officer Pyland escalated until he arrested her and put her in the rear of his vehicle.
The report also quoted Witherspoon as asking, "Do you know my name?" The officer says he answered that he didn't need to know her name "right now," and she told him, "You're about to find out who I am," later adding, "You are going to be on national news."
The couple were released at around 3:30 a.m. on Friday morning. A court appearance is scheduled for 8 a.m. Monday morning in Atlanta Municipal Court, but Variety said their attorney is likely to request a posponement.?
Witherspoon has been in Atlanta recently filming an independent film, "The Good Lie." The pair have been married since 2011 and she gave birth to their son Tennessee James Toth last September.
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Dr. Phil Rips Into “Teen Mom” Star Farrah Abraham (VIDEOS)
“Teen Mom” star Farrah Abraham, who recently revealed she made a sex tape, may have thought she’d explain her actions during this interview…but instead looked like an even bigger fool. Dr. Phil told Farrah, “You have an incredible sense of entitlement, and when you don’t get your way, you get upset.” Farrah Abraham, who appears ...
Dr. Phil Rips Into “Teen Mom” Star Farrah Abraham (VIDEOS) Stupid Celebrities Gossip Stupid Celebrities Gossip News
Source: http://stupidcelebrities.net/2013/04/dr-phil-rips-into-teen-mom-star-farrah-abraham-videos/
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Each week, our friends at gdgt go through the latest gadgets and score them to help you decide which ones to buy. Here are some of their latest picks -- along with a few you should probably avoid. Want more? Visit gdgt anytime to catch up on the latest, and subscribe to gdgt's newsletter to get a weekly roundup in your inbox.
Source: http://feeds.engadget.com/~r/weblogsinc/engadget/~3/SpJij5utrbI/
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Apr. 19, 2013 ? A new Swedish study published in the journal Neurology shows that the risk of developing dementia may have declined over the past 20 years, in direct contrast to what many previously assumed. The result is based on data from the SNAC-K, an ongoing study on aging and health that started in 1987.
"We know that cardiovascular disease is an important risk factor for dementia. The suggested decrease in dementia risk coincides with the general reduction in cardiovascular disease over recent decades," says Associate Professor Chengxuan Qiu of the Aging Research Center (ARC), established by Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University. "Health check-ups and cardiovascular disease prevention have improved significantly in Sweden, and we now see results of this improvement reflected in the risk of developing dementia."
Dementia is a constellation of symptoms characterized by impaired memory and other mental functions. After age 75, dementia is commonly due to multiple causes, mainly Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. In the current study, more than 3000 persons 75 years and older living in the central Stockholm neighborhood of Kungsholmen participated. Of the participants, 523 were diagnosed with some form of dementia. The key members of the research group have been essentially the same since 1987, including the neurologist responsible for the clinical diagnoses of dementia. All study participants were assessed by a nurse, a physician, and a psychologist.
The result shows the prevalence of dementia was stable in both men and women across all age groups after age 75 during the entire study period (1987-1989 and 2001-2004), despite the fact that the survival of persons with dementia increased since the end of the 1980s. This means that the overall risk of developing dementia must have declined during the period, possibly thanks to prevention and better treatment of cardiovascular disease.
"The reduction of dementia risk is a positive phenomenon, but it is important to remember that the number of people with dementia will continue to rise along with the increase in life expectancy and absolute numbers of people over age 75," says Professor Laura Fratiglioni, Director of the Aging Research Center. "This means that the societal burden of dementia and the need for medical and social services will continue to increase. Today there's no way to cure patients who have dementia. Instead we must continue to improve health care and prevention in this area."
The study was funded by the Swedish Council for Working Life and Social Research (FAS ), the Swedish Ministry of Health and Social Affairs, the Swedish Research Council, and Swedish Brain Power.
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Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/most_popular/~3/rdGCrRrV-U8/130419075905.htm
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The grab-bag post makes a second appearance in 2013.
Crafted for easy consumption, the grab-bag posts are for recreational amusement only.
Economist Calls Increase in PR Professionals a ?Pernicious Trend?
Thankfully, my dictionary sits a click away.
Well, that doesn?t sound all that positive.
The Economist story goes on to leverage its crack data scientists who, after crunching and correlating the numbers, generated this ditty:
Now there?s an alert-the-media revelation that explains the plight of journalism.
But Enough About Me; Let?s Talk About Me
With the Tiger Woods marketing machine again running on full throttle, his agent Mark Steinberg conducted an interview with Businessweek that made one point clear:
?I try to not let anything be about me. It?s about my clients. I kind of stay behind the scenes.?
Dude, talking to Diane Brady for the ?Hard Choices? back page of Businessweek is not behind the scenes.
Then again, this line in the same story says it all:
?I don?t know if I?m a good agent or a great agency or a legendary agency.?
There?s a Place for Sweating in Public Speaking
Like before.
This guidance for public speaking comes from George Plimpton:
The more you sweat in advance, the less you?ll have to sweat once you appear on stage.
Plimpton goes on to emphasize the importance of old-fashioned research:
Check the library for facts, quotes, books, and timely magazine and newspaper articles on your subject. Get in touch with experts. Write to them, make phone calls, get interviews to help round out your material.
While going to the library sounds quaint ? keep in mind this was written pre-Internet ? the point to learn far more than you?ll ever use in your talk is good advice.
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By Lucia Mutikani
WASHINGTON (Reuters) - Consumer prices fell in March for the first time in four months and factory output slipped, strengthening the argument for the Federal Reserve to maintain its monetary stimulus to speed up economic growth.
Other data on Tuesday suggested the housing market recovery was losing momentum, even though housing starts breached the 1-million unit rate mark for the first time since June 2008.
"For the Fed, it's business as usual," said Millan Mulraine, senior economist at TD Securities in New York. "There is not likely to be an acceleration in growth momentum that would cause them to shift their policy stance anytime soon."
The Labor Department said its Consumer Price Index edged down 0.2 percent last month as gasoline prices tumbled, unwinding some of February's 0.7 percent increase. Economists had expected a flat reading.
Underscoring the benign inflation environment, consumer prices rose just 1.5 percent in the 12-months through March -- the smallest increase since July. Prices had increased 2.0 percent year-on-year in February.
Stripping out volatile energy and food costs, the so-called core CPI was up only 0.1 percent after gaining 0.2 percent in February. That lowered the 12-month increase to 1.9 percent in March from 2.0 percent in February.
A separate report from the Fed showed output at the nation's factories decreased 0.1 percent after advancing 0.9 percent in February. The decline was fairly broad-based, with output dropping for primary metals and electronics. Automobile assembly, however, increased.
Despite the factory weakness, overall industrial production rose 0.4 percent last month due to a jump in utilities' output.
Stocks on Wall Street were trading higher as strong earnings from Coca-Cola
Economic data for January and February have suggested growth accelerated in the first quarter after activity almost stalled in the final three months of 2012.
But in a replay of the prior two years, the economy appears to have hit a speed bump at the end of the quarter, with data ranging from employment to retail sales and manufacturing weakening significantly in March.
Much of the weakness is blamed on higher taxes and deep government spending cuts put in place in Washington.
"We definitely see the second quarter slowing from the first in terms of overall growth across many of the sectors. Obviously, the drag from fiscal policy is playing into this a little bit," said Erik Johnson, a senior U.S. economist at IHS Global Insight in Lexington, Massachusetts.
MUTED INFLATION
The lack of inflation and slowing economic growth bolster the case for the Fed to remain on its very easy monetary policy path, despite divisions among policymakers over the wisdom continued asset purchases.
Minutes of the Fed's March 19-20 meeting published last week suggested the U.S. central bank was moving closer to ending its monthly $85 billion purchases of mortgage and Treasury bonds meant to keep interest rates low and spur faster job growth.
On Tuesday, New York Federal Reserve Bank President William Dudley cautioned against pulling back too soon, pointing to the sharp moderation in the pace of job growth in March.
"I'd note that we saw similar slowdowns in job creation in 2011 and 2012 after pickups in the job creation rate and this, along with the large amount of fiscal restraint hitting the economy now, makes me more cautious," he told the Staten Island Chamber of Commerce.
A third report from the Commerce Department showed housing starts rose 7.0 percent last month to a 1.04 million-unit annual rate, the highest in nearly five years.
However, the increase was driven by the volatile multi-family sector, while groundbreaking for single-family units fell. In addition, permits for future construction tumbled 3.9 percent -- reversing February's gain.
That suggested a slowdown in housing activity, coming on the heels of a report on Monday that showed a third straight monthly decline in homebuilders' confidence in April.
"The decline in single starts and permits is consistent with recent hints the housing recovery has lost some momentum," said David Sloan, senior economist at 4Cast Ltd in New York.
(Additional reporting Jason Lange in Washington and Richard Leong in New York; Editing by Andrea Ricci and Tim Ahmann)
Source: http://news.yahoo.com/industrial-output-heating-demand-factories-drag-132855605--business.html
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Taking a significant step toward improving the power delivery of systems ranging from urban electrical grids to regenerative braking in hybrid vehicles, researchers at the UCLA Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science have synthesized a material that shows high capability for both the rapid storage and release of energy.
In a paper published April 14 in the peer-reviewed journal Nature Materials, a team led by professor of materials science and engineering Bruce Dunn defines the characteristics of a synthesized form of niobium oxide ? a compound based on an element used in stainless steel ? with a great facility for storing energy. The material would be used in a "supercapacitor," a device that combines the high storage capacity of lithium ion batteries and the rapid energy-delivery ability of common capacitors.
UCLA researchers said the development could lead to extremely rapid charging of devices, ranging in applications from mobile electronics to industrial equipment. For example, supercapacitors are currently used in energy-capture systems that help power loading cranes at ports, reducing the use of hydrocarbon fuels such as diesel.
"With this work, we are blurring the lines between what is a battery and what is a supercapacitor," said Veronica Augustyn, a graduate student in materials science at UCLA and lead author of the paper. "The discovery takes the disadvantages of capacitors and the disadvantages of batteries and does away with them."
Batteries effectively store energy but do not deliver power efficiently because the charged carriers, or ions, move slowly through the solid battery material. Capacitors, which store energy at the surface of a material, generally have low storage capabilities.
Researchers on Dunn's team synthesized a type of niobium oxide that demonstrates substantial storage capacity through "intercalation pseudocapacitance," in which ions are deposited into the bulk of the niobium oxide in the same way grains of sand can be deposited between pebbles.
As a result, electrodes as much as 40 microns thick ? about the same width as many commercial battery components ? can quickly store and deliver energy on the same time scales as electrodes more than 100 times thinner.
Dunn emphasizes that although the electrodes are an important first step, "further engineering at the nanoscale and beyond will be necessary to achieve practical devices with high energy density that can charge in under a minute."
###
University of California - Los Angeles: http://www.newsroom.ucla.edu
Thanks to University of California - Los Angeles for this article.
This press release was posted to serve as a topic for discussion. Please comment below. We try our best to only post press releases that are associated with peer reviewed scientific literature. Critical discussions of the research are appreciated. If you need help finding a link to the original article, please contact us on twitter or via e-mail.
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Source: http://www.labspaces.net/127760/Engineers_craft_new_material_for_high_performing__supercapacitors_
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There?s no better way of visiting some great destinations like Europe, China, Russia, Southeast Asia and others than on a river cruise.? And there are a variety of ships and itineraries lasting from 5 or 6 days to 3+ weeks so there?s definitely a perfect schedule for just about everyone.? But river cruising is distinctly different than big ship cruising.? Here are some important things to know before you decide if this could be YOUR next perfect vacation.
Unpack once and you?re good to go.? From that moment on you can relax in comfort and see the world go by in your spacious river-view stateroom.? And since the rivers offer smooth sailing there?s no need to worry about motion sickness like you might if you were sailing the open sea.? This makes for a vacation free of risk and hassle.
Throughout history so many cities and towns originally developed along the waterways of the world and were made to be accessible by river.? River cruises are able to sail directly into the very heart of many cities and towns, which means that you will walk right off the ship into the center of town which is a huge bonus.? No time wasted transferring to town from an airport and no worries that your accommodations will be too far from the center to walk to.
Vessel SizesRiver cruise vessels are designed to operate on the world waterway systems and as such must be small enough to navigate through them.? Most river cruises accommodate only 150-190 passengers on just a handful of decks.? This gives you a much more personal experience on board than you will find on an oceangoing vessel holding thousands of passengers.? You will be sailing very close to shore at many times and will feel as if you can reach out and touch the town as you drift past.
Since the ship moves to a different place each day, your time in port is limited.? No difference here from big ship cruising.? But, that being said, you get to see a new place every day so your trip is packed full of more great places to see.
Well, we covered this above while talking about limited time in port.? River cruises tend to make more stops than some big ship cruises do so you can expect to see a new place at least every day.? After all, you?re going on this trip to see things, right?
On oceangoing cruise ships if there is a problem with the weather, they are usually able to sail around or away from the storm so that the ship isn?t sailing though bad weather of some type.? On river cruises, it it?s too foggy to see the stunning castle on shore as you pull out of port, well?.the boat has to stay on the river so? it is what it is.
Unlike taking a land based vacation, on a river cruise you will have less time to meet and interact? with locals in each destination if that?s what you like to do.? On the other hand, you?ll have plenty of time at each stop to get into town and really savor the spot before continuing on to the next great port.
Some river cruises will have bikes available for passenger use in port.? Biking around a small town is a great way to experience it.? Some cruises will even allow you to bike to the next port and rejoin the ship there.? Now that?s definitely something you can?t do on an oceangoing cruise ship.
More Culture & HistoryThe ports of call for river cruises are really over the top in terms of culture and history and offer a unique and rich experience for you at each stop you make on your cruise.
On the finest of all-inclusive river cruises you can expect to find a variety of dining experiences and fine foods to whet your appetite.? And for a side serving of cultural experience, accompany the chef to the local market, discover interesting facts that you never knew about herbs, or meet local food and wine producers.? These are just some of the unique experiences you can expect to find on certain river cruises.
Everything looks different from the river, so even if you?ve already been to some of the world?s great cities like Paris, St. Petersburg, Budapest or Vienna, these destinations will come alive for you in a totally different way when viewed from the water.
We recommend that you enhance your experience with the most All-Inclusive river cruise you can find.? This means that the price will cover just about everything.? From accommodations, meals,? internet and port charges to activities and lectures on board to tours and excursions on shore, everything you want to experience on this trip will be included so you don?t have to worry about planning and purchasing add-ons? once you?re on board.
There are many different options for river boat cruising.? They are NOT all created equally, so be sure and talk with someone knowledgeable about the river cruise industry before deciding what ship you might want to sail on.
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Mary Emmer is the founder of Sojourn Travel Service and has over 30 years of professional experience in the areas of both corporate and custom leisure travel. With her extensive personal knowledge of many European and other international travel destinations, Mary provides expert guidance to her clients. She can be reached at mary@sojourntravel.com.
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Researchers at Case Western Reserve School of Medicine have discovered a technique that directly converts skin cells to the type of brain cells destroyed in patients with multiple sclerosis, cerebral palsy and other so-called myelin disorders.
This discovery appears today in the journal Nature Biotechnology.
This advance now enables "on demand" production of myelinating cells, which provide a vital sheath of insulation that protects neurons and enables the delivery of brain impulses to the rest of the body. In patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), cerebral palsy (CP), and rare genetic disorders called leukodystrophies, myelinating cells are destroyed and cannot be replaced.
The new technique involves directly converting fibroblasts - an abundant structural cell present in the skin and most organs - into oligodendrocytes, the type of cell responsible for myelinating the neurons of the brain.
"Its 'cellular alchemy,'" explained Paul Tesar, PhD, assistant professor of genetics and genome sciences at Case Western Reserve School of Medicine and senior author of the study. "We are taking a readily accessible and abundant cell and completely switching its identity to become a highly valuable cell for therapy."
In a process termed "cellular reprogramming," researchers manipulated the levels of three naturally occurring proteins to induce fibroblast cells to become precursors to oligodendrocytes (called oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, or OPCs).
Tesar's team, led by Case Western Reserve researchers and co-first authors Fadi Najm and Angela Lager, rapidly generated billions of these induced OPCs (called iOPCs). Even more important, they showed that iOPCs could regenerate new myelin coatings around nerves after being transplanted to mice?a result that offers hope the technique might be used to treat human myelin disorders.
When oligodendrocytes are damaged or become dysfunctional in myelinating diseases, the insulating myelin coating that normally coats nerves is lost. A cure requires the myelin coating to be regenerated by replacement oligodendrocytes.
Until now, OPCs and oligodendrocytes could only be obtained from fetal tissue or pluripotent stem cells. These techniques have been valuable, but with limitations.
"The myelin repair field has been hampered by an inability to rapidly generate safe and effective sources of functional oligodendrocytes," explained co-author and myelin expert Robert Miller, PhD, professor of neurosciences at the Case Western Reserve School of Medicine and the university's vice president for research. "The new technique may overcome all of these issues by providing a rapid and streamlined way to directly generate functional myelin producing cells."
This initial study used mouse cells. The critical next step is to demonstrate feasibility and safety using human cells in a lab setting. If successful, the technique could have widespread therapeutic application to human myelin disorders.
"The progression of stem cell biology is providing opportunities for clinical translation that a decade ago would not have been possible," said Stanton Gerson, MD, professor of Medicine-Hematology/Oncology at the School of Medicine and director of the National Center for Regenerative Medicine and the UH Case Medical Center Seidman Cancer Center.
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Case Western Reserve University: http://www.case.edu
Thanks to Case Western Reserve University for this article.
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Source: http://www.labspaces.net/127746/Ordinary_skin_cells_morphed_into_functional_brain_cells
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Apr. 15, 2013 ? A new, minimally invasive treatment that uses lasers to melt fat could replace the "tummy tuck," suggests research on more than 2,000 people being presented at the Society of Interventional Radiology's 38th Annual Scientific Meeting in New Orleans.
Without the risks of a surgical procedure (such as the tummy tuck) and when used in combination with standard liposuction, the fat-melting action of laser lipolysis, a minimally invasive treatment, has the added benefit of producing new collagen (collagen is the main protein that gives the skin its tone and texture). Additionally, the laser causes the collagen to contract, which tightens the skin. This tightening alleviates the fear of skin sagging, a common complaint after standard liposuction. Laser lipolysis also enables the removal of more fat than standard liposuction.
"Many women who have standard liposuction are discouraged because often the skin sags after the fat is removed," said Abbas Chamsuddin, M.D., lead author of the study and an interventional radiologist at the Center for Laser and Interventional Surgery in Atlanta, Ga. "Ultrasound-assisted guidance of a fiber-optic laser during laser lipolysis can be used on many parts of the body and results in excellent sculpting with tight skin," he added.
"Liposuction has been around for more than 20 years. Many people don't try it because they have heard that the skin often sags after the fat is removed. This is especially true for individuals who want to lose abdominal fat, but also need the skin to retract. Traditional liposuction also has a limitation to the volume of fat that could potentially be removed," said Chamsuddin. "Combining traditional liposuction with laser lipolysis has now been shown to produce well-sculpted bodies with tight skin. We are able to give people things such as a tighter abdomen without the need for surgery," he said.
Between February 2009 and July 2012, a group of 2,183 individuals, ages 17 to 73 (75 percent female, 25 percent male), underwent laser-assisted lipolysis and liposuction on multiple areas of the body, including the neck, arms, love handles, breast, belly, thighs and calves. Prior to treatment, each person had measurements recorded including weight, diameter of the area treated and skin tightness. At each follow-up appointment the diameter of the treatment areas was measured and recorded. Skin tightness was also recorded against control criteria.
The laser's thermal (heat) energy melts the fat and standard liposuction removes it from the body, noted Chamsuddin. Patient follow-up was daily for a week and then at one, three and six months. All treated areas showed improvement in reducing fat bulk as well as tightening skin. The laser uses targeted energy to "zero in" on the fat, without affecting the other tissue, enabling a faster recovery, he added.
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Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/top_health/~3/mj1MBKviE1I/130415124819.htm
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MOGADISHU, Somalia (AP) ? Somalia's interior minister says that nine militants attacked Mogadishu's Supreme Court complex and that all have been killed.
Abdikarim Hussein Guled said that six of the attackers detonated suicide vests and three others were shot and killed during Sunday's assault on the court complex in the Somali capital.
The attack ? the most serious in Mogadishu since al-Shabab militants were forced out of the city in August 2011 ? lasted several hours and involved running battles with security forces.
Guled said he couldn't immediately provide an overall death toll that included government officials and civilians.
Source: http://news.yahoo.com/somali-official-9-gunmen-killed-court-attack-132602208.html
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Dog Blood and a reunited Jurassic 5 steal the festival's first night.
By Mary J. DiMeglio
Skrillex and Boys Noize at Coachella on Friday
Photo: Tim Mosenfelder/ WireImage
Source: http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1705585/coachella-skrillex-blur-stone-roses.jhtml
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FILE - In this Nov. 30, 2009 file photo, Nataliya Magnitskaya holds a portrait of her son, Russian lawyer Sergei Magnitsky, a lawyer who died in jail, as she speaks with The Associated Press in Moscow, Russia. The Treasury Department on Friday announced the names of 18 Russians subject to financial sanctions and visa bans because of their alleged violations of human rights. The list, an outgrowth of a law enacted last December to hold Russian officials accountable for human rights abuses, is certain to further strain relations with the Moscow government. Russia has strongly objected to the act and threatened to retaliate with its own sanctions. The act is named for Magnitsky, who was arrested in 2008 for tax evasion after accusing Russian police officials of stealing $230 million in tax rebates. He died in prison the next year, allegedly after being beaten and denied medical treatment. (AP Photo/Alexander Zemlianichenko, File)
FILE - In this Nov. 30, 2009 file photo, Nataliya Magnitskaya holds a portrait of her son, Russian lawyer Sergei Magnitsky, a lawyer who died in jail, as she speaks with The Associated Press in Moscow, Russia. The Treasury Department on Friday announced the names of 18 Russians subject to financial sanctions and visa bans because of their alleged violations of human rights. The list, an outgrowth of a law enacted last December to hold Russian officials accountable for human rights abuses, is certain to further strain relations with the Moscow government. Russia has strongly objected to the act and threatened to retaliate with its own sanctions. The act is named for Magnitsky, who was arrested in 2008 for tax evasion after accusing Russian police officials of stealing $230 million in tax rebates. He died in prison the next year, allegedly after being beaten and denied medical treatment. (AP Photo/Alexander Zemlianichenko, File)
MOSCOW (AP) ? Russia has banned 18 Americans from entering the country in response to Washington imposing sanctions on 18 Russians for alleged human rights violations.
The list released Saturday by the Foreign Ministry includes John Yoo, a former U.S. Justice Department official who wrote legal memos authorizing harsh interrogation techniques; David Addington, the chief of staff for former Vice President Dick Cheney; and two former commanders of the Guantanamo Bay detention center: retired Maj. Gen. Geoffrey Miller and Ad. Jeffrey Harbeson.
The move comes a day after the United States announced its sanctions under the Magnitsky Law, named for Russian lawyer Sergei Magnitsky, who was arrested in 2008 for tax evasion after accusing Russian police officials of stealing $230 million in tax rebates. He died in prison the next year, allegedly after being beaten and denied medical treatment.
The Magnitsky law infuriated Russian authorities and the parliament quickly passed a retaliatory measure than banned Americans from adopting Russian children.
The U.S. list includes Artem Kuznetsov and Pavel Karpov, two Russian Interior Ministry officers who put Magnitsky behind bars after he accused them of stealing $230 million from the state. Two tax officials the lawyer accused of approving the fraudulent tax refunds, and several other Interior Ministry officials accused of persecuting Magnitsky were also on the list. Absent were senior officials from Russia's President Vladimir Putin's entourage whom some human rights advocates had hoped to see sanctioned.
Foreign Ministry spokesman Alexander Lukashevich said in a statement Saturday that the U.S. sanctions struck "a strong blow to bilateral relations and joint trust."
The U.S. Embassy in Moscow said it had no immediate comment.
Also on Russia's list are 14 Americans whom Russia says violated the rights of Russians abroad. It does not give specifics of the alleged violations, but includes several current or former federal prosecutors in the case of Viktor Bout, the Russian arms merchant sentenced in 2012 to 25 years in prison for selling weapons to a U.S.-designated foreign terrorist group.
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Facebook Home is due out today and will likely arrive soon, but the standalone Messenger app update is already here, and it brings Chat Heads support to most Android devices, regardless of whether or not you have Home installed. That means that when you're using other apps or on the home screen, Messenger messages will pop up with the Chat Head icon of the person messaging you, allowing you to quickly jump into a conversation without leaving your current app.Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Techcrunch/~3/fNeIeOoloWo/
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